How the City of Calgary is Converting Organic Waste into Sellable Compost in Just 60 Days
Most of the U.S. is just beginning to grapple with reductions in the level of disposal of organic waste. What if we showed you how the City of Calgary, by implementing the largest in-vessel based operation in Canada, 仅在一年的运营时间里，就将单亲家庭送到城市垃圾填埋场的有机垃圾数量减少了46%?
A significant source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, contributing to global climate change, are the emissions resulting from the decomposition of organic waste in landfills. Organic materials, including waste that can be readily recycled or composted, account for a significant portion of the overall waste stream. 意识到食物垃圾和庭院垃圾占卡尔加里市生活垃圾的一半以上, leadership embarked on constructing a sustainable method to manage this material, as well as dewatered biosolids generated from municipal wastewater treatment facilities.
2010年，该市聘请了雅各布斯(正规博彩十大网站排名)来制定一份废物有机材料和生物固体总体规划. Through this strategic project, 我们确定并评估了从卡尔加里的废水处理设施中处理生物固体的技术, 替代填埋的有机物料管理和处理废物物料的再利用.
但如果我们向你展示雅各布斯和伦敦金融城是如何达到并超越这些减少有机废物的技术和商业目标的呢, with the resulting City of Calgary Composting Facility?
Waste organic materials and biosolids master plan
Master planning for the composting facility – which is processing more than 100,每年通过卡尔加里的绿色购物车食品和庭院垃圾收集项目带来的000吨食物和庭院垃圾, along with up to 45,来自城市污水处理的000吨湿的脱水生物固体——是城市水服务和废物处理部门的合作 & Recycling Services business units.
关键利益相关者和决策者的早期参与为项目的成功提供了最佳结果. As part of the planning process, 我们的综合废物解决方案团队检查了大约35种生物固体和有机废物管理技术(包括热处理技术)，并筛选出了一份更详细的候选清单. The short-listed technologies were compared using triple bottom line (TBL) assessment tools, which included social, environmental and economic factors.
该计划评估了工厂内的几项改进，旨在加强城市三个污水处理厂的生物固体处理, as well as some upgrade and refurbishment work at Calgary’s Shepard Lagoons. 《首页》亦建议以堆肥为最合适的方法，将有机废物分流至其他地方.
该方案要求从住宅和商业来源收集食物和庭院垃圾，并将其送到城市拥有的废物管理设施的封闭堆肥设施. 通过各省市项目收集的现有材料将继续被转移, while the remaining solid waste stream would be collected and disposed of in area landfills. The Master Plan evaluated six composting technologies, with three technologies being deemed suitable for this organic waste diversion option.
Building a new organic waste management campus
In 2012, 卡尔加里市选择正规博彩十大网站排名协助建造新的有机废物管理园区，以处理源分离的住宅和商业有机固体废物以及废水处理生物固体. The scope of this project included evaluating cutting-edge technologies, including feedstock processing and composting technologies, 并评价如何在同一设施中将废水生物固体与固体废物有机结合. We also provided a market analysis for the sale and development of compost products.
Creating compost in only 60 days
Opened for operations in July 2017, the Calgary Composting Facility consists of three buildings, 总计521,000 square feet, including a LEEDS V.4 Gold Certified Administration building. 它是加拿大最大的使用容器内堆肥技术的设施，在内部温度, 控制容器的湿度和通风，以确保没有渗滤液或气味产生. According to the City’s Organics Program Manager, 克雷格多, high-quality compost that is ready for lab testing can be created in as little as 60 days, 考虑到其他堆肥厂只使用传统的窗口系统，这是令人印象深刻的, can generally achieve finished, saleable high-quality compost product in about six months or more.
What if we showed you?
46%
reduction in city waste sent to landfill from single family homes
100K+
tons of source-separated organics processed – achieving a 10-year goal in just one year!
We're very happy with the success of the Calgary Composting Facility after one year. The amount of organic waste that's come to the facility has exceeded expectations, 所以这是个好消息，因为它比我们预期的要远离垃圾填埋场.
Reducing city waste sent to landfill by 46%
Laura Hamilton, Waste Diversion Specialist with the City of Calgary, 解释说，因为他们的绿色购物车食品和庭院垃圾计划是在2017年实施的有机垃圾战略的一部分, city waste sent to landfill from single family homes has declined by 46%. 她补充说，伦敦金融城致力于实现转移目标，将所有垃圾产生部门都纳入其中, 他们正在稳步迈向到2025年从垃圾填埋场转移70%垃圾的目标. “2018年, the City diverted approximately 60% of waste in its residential cart collection program, through a combination of blue cart recycling and green cart composting,”她说.
After one year of operation, the facility processed over 100,000吨源分离有机物(SSO)——标准食物垃圾和树叶和庭院材料的组合——这一优化仅用1年就实现了10年的预期结果, based on current operating practices and daily production performance. Composting of de-watered biosolids, sourced from Calgary's Bonnybrook Wastewater Treatment Plant, allows the facility to operate near full capacity year-round, 冬季绿车吨位大幅下降时，尽量减少未充分利用的产能.
Taking compost to market
卡尔加里堆肥设施生产的a类堆肥由绿色小车材料，是安全的使用任何地方, including farms, 花园, parks and nurseries. Compost from biosolids also typically meets Category A criteria. Additionally, 一种高氮基硫酸氨粉产品目前正在生产，计划于2019年上市.
Calgary's finished product is measured to the highest industry and regulatory standards, including voluntary participation in the Compost Council of Canada's Compost Quality Alliance. 肯•基尔, AIM环境集团公司运营主管，卡尔加里堆肥设施总经理, explains that once compost has gone through both the in-vessel and curing stages, the third stage is laboratory testing and certification. “在这一点上，我们从每个窗口或生产的产品提取特定的样品，并将其送到安大略的认证实验室. We go through a number of specific testing parameters, and about 30 days later, that product receives a certification to be sold as a finished compost product."
下一个步骤
After more than one year of successful operation, 考虑到SSO原料的输入量一直都超过了预测量，伦敦金融城再次提出了“如果……会怎么样”的问题, 很快，城市将评估他们的选择，关于扩大卡尔加里堆肥设施. Expansion was expected at some point the future, 但由于公众对该市的“绿色车和庭院垃圾”计划的接受度很高，这可能比最初预期的要早.
In 2019, 该市将开始对该设施及其主要处理设施进行一系列状况评估. 正在进行的审查过程将确保这一宝贵的社区资产将得到妥善维护和运营，以造福所有卡尔加里人.
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